overview
- Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect the way your body uses blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is important to your health as it is an important source of energy for the cells that make up your muscles and tissues. It’s also the main source of fuel for your brain.
- The underlying cause of diabetes varies by type. But no matter what type of diabetes you have, it can lead to excessive sugar in your blood. Too much sugar in your blood can lead to serious health problems.
- Chronic diabetes diseases include type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Potentially reversible diabetes diseases include prediabetes and gestational diabetes. Prediabetes occurs when your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. And prediabetes is often the precursor to diabetes if the right steps are not taken to prevent it from getting worse. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy but can go away after the baby is born. Diabetes treatment in hyderabad
symptom
The symptoms of diabetes vary depending on how high your blood sugar levels are. Some people, especially those with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, sometimes have no symptoms. With type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and are more severe.
Some of the signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are:
- Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Extreme hunger
Inexplicable weight loss
Presence of ketones in the urine (ketones are a by-product of muscle and fat breakdown that occurs when not enough insulin is available)
Tired - The reasons
To understand diabetes, you first need to understand how glucose is normally processed in the body. - How insulin works
Insulin is a hormone that comes from a gland behind and below the stomach (pancreas). - The pancreas secretes insulin into the bloodstream.
Insulin circulates and allows sugar to enter your cells.
Insulin reduces the amount of sugar in your bloodstream. Diabetes treatment in hyderabad
Risk factors
The risk factors for diabetes depend on the type of diabetes.
Risk factors for type 1 diabetes
Although the exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown, the following factors may indicate an increased risk:
Family history. Your risk increases if a parent or sibling has type 1 diabetes.
Environmental factors. Circumstances such as exposure to a viral disease likely play a role in type 1 diabetes.
The presence of harmful cells of the immune system (autoantibodies). Sometimes family members of people with type 1 diabetes are tested for the presence of diabetes autoantibodies. If you have these autoantibodies, you are at an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. But not all people with these autoantibodies develop diabetes.
Complications
- The long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you’ve been diabetic – the less your blood sugar is checked – the higher the risk of complications. Ultimately, the complications of diabetes can be crippling or even fatal. Possible complications are:
- Heart disease. Diabetes significantly increases the risk of various cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina pectoris), heart attack, stroke, and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you are more likely to have heart disease or a stroke.
Nerve damage (neuropathy). Too much sugar can damage the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that feed your nerves, especially your legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning, or pain that usually starts on the tips of your toes or fingers and gradually spreads upwards. - Without treatment, you could lose all feeling in the affected limbs. Nerve damage associated with digestion can lead to problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation. Erectile dysfunction can occur in men.
- Kidney damage (nephropathy). The kidneys contain millions of tiny clumps of blood vessels (glomeruli) that filter waste products from your blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtration system. Serious damage can lead to kidney failure or irreversible end-stage kidney disease that may require dialysis or therapy. Diabetes treatment in hyderabad