overview
- Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic disease in which the pancreas makes little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed for sugar (glucose) to get into cells for energy.
- Various factors, including genetics and some viruses, can contribute to type 1 diabetes. Although type 1 diabetes usually begins in childhood or adolescence, it can develop in adults.
- Despite active research, type 1 diabetes is incurable. Treatment focuses on controlling blood sugar levels with insulin, diet, and lifestyle to avoid complications. Type 1 diabetes treatment in hyderabad
symptom
The signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes can come on relatively suddenly and include:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Bed-wetting in children who had not previously wet the bed at night
- Extreme hunger
- Involuntary weight loss
- Irritability and other mood swings
- Fatigue and weakness
The reasons
The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown. Normally, the body’s own immune system – which normally fights off harmful bacteria and viruses – mistakenly destroys insulin-producing cells (islets of Langerhans or islets) in the pancreas. Other possible causes are: Type 1 diabetes treatment in hyderabad
Exposure to viruses and other environmental factors
Risk factors
Some known risk factors for type 1 diabetes are:
Family history. Any parent or sibling with type 1 diabetes has a slightly increased risk of developing the disease.
Genetically. The presence of certain genes indicates an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
Geography. The incidence of type 1 diabetes tends to increase as you move away from the equator.
Age. Although type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, it occurs at two notable peaks. The first peak occurs in children between 4 and 7 years of age, the second in children between 10 and 14 years of age.
Complications
Over time, complications from type 1 diabetes can affect key organs in your body, including the heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes, and kidneys. Maintaining normal blood sugar can greatly reduce the risk of many complications.
Ultimately, the complications of diabetes can be crippling or even fatal.
Heart and blood vessel disease. Diabetes significantly increases the risk of various cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina pectoris), heart attack, stroke, narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis), and high blood pressure.
Nerve damage (neuropathy). Too much sugar can damage the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that feed your nerves, especially in your legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning, or pain that usually starts on the tips of your toes or fingers and gradually spreads upwards. Poorly controlled blood sugar can eventually cause you to lose sensation in the affected limbs.
prevention
There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. However, researchers are working to prevent the disease or further destroy islet cells in newly diagnosed people.
Ask your doctor if you might be eligible for any of these clinical trials, but carefully weigh the risks and benefits of any treatment available in a trial. Type 1 diabetes treatment in hyderabad